Animal Testing Should Be Banned - 2061 Words

Animal testing is using non-human animals to be test subjects in an experiment. Scientist use animals to try and help find cures for different diseases and cancers in humans. People are against animal testing because everyday animals are dying in a science lab. The laboratory is a cruel place for a innocent animal. The world should be against animal testing because, Animals are different from humans, it can be wasteful if the experiment does not work, alternatives can be used instead of animals and it is extremely inhumane Animals are in their own specie just like humans are their own speice. Animals being tested is considered animal abuse and people should take a stand against it. If it were humans being abused and tested everyone would be against it. The testing animals are forced to live in extremely small cages for their short life span. Animals lives matter just as much as humans lives matter. Animals have different genetic background that makes them unique from humans and other animals. Animals do not get the same diseases as humans and animals do not get many types of cancers, heart diseases or Alzheimer’s disease. Animals are super unreliable sources because they do not react the same to different types of medicines and chemicals. Putting a disease in an animal is not a way to test a medicine to see if it is going to work. The disease does not naturally happen , so it is not a good representation of the disease . â€Å"Less than two percent of human illnesses areShow MoreRelatedShould Animal Testing Be Banned?844 Words   |  3 PagesShould animal testing be banned? Nowadays, a lot of animals has been tested on a range of experiments over the world. You could be supporting animal teasing cruelty without knowing it. Have you ever check if there’s animal testing on the cosmetics before you buy it? Today, a lot of cosmetics has been testing on helpless animals and there are about 1.4 million animals die each year from animal testing ( CatalanoJ, 1994). Most of the experiments that are completed in the laboratories are very cruelRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned880 Words   |  4 Pagesdepending on animals testing. Therefore, if people talk about laboratories, they should remember animal experiments. Those animals have the right to live, according to people who dislike the idea of doing testing on animals; the other opinion, supports the idea of animal testing as the important part of the source of what has reached medicine of the results and solutions for diseases prevalent in every time and place. Each year huge numbers of animals a re sacrificed for the science all these animals, whetherRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned776 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Testing Should be Banned  ¨Over 100 million animals are burned, crippled, poisioned and abused in US labs every year ¨ ( ¨11 Facts About Animal Testing ¨). Imagine if that was someones animal getting tortured in labs just to test things such as beauty products and perfume. Animal testing was first suggested when,  ¨Charles Darwin evolutionary theory in the mid 1850s also served to suggest that animals could serve as effective models to facilitate biological understanding in humans ¨ (Murnaghan)Read MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned940 Words   |  4 Pages1). Over 100 million animals are burned, crippled, poisoned, and abused in US labs every year. 2). 92% of experimental drugs that are safe and effective in animals fail in human clinical trials. (DoSomething â€Å"11 Facts About Animal Testing†). There are currently no laws combating the testing of cosmetics on animals, but the practice is harmful and must be ended. As evidenced by the statistics above, millions of animals are tortured and murdered in the United States every year for virtually no reasonRead MoreShould Animal Testing Be Banned?1665 Words   |  7 PagesTesting Cosmetics on Animals Companies around the world use animals to test cosmetics. Animals, such as rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, rats, and mice, are used to test the effects of chemicals on the eyes and skin. While animal testing is not mandatory, many companies use it. About Cosmetics Animal Testing by the Humane Society International talks about the different options companies have that do not require the cruel use and eventual death of animals. The article also talks about the overallRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1572 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal Testing Every year, over two hundred million innocent animals are injured or killed in scientific experiments across the world. Of those animals, between seventeen and twenty million are used in the United States alone. It is said that an animal dies in a laboratory every three seconds (Animal Testing 101). Those in favor of animal experimentation say they are taking animals’ lives to save humans. It is not necessary to subject animals to torturous conditions or painful experiments in theRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1581 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal testing is being used by different organizations all over the world to prevent specific diseases, especially cancer. Americans see animal testing having a harmful effect but it is one of the main reasons why society has most cures for some illnesses. This topic is important because people need to know what goes on during animal testing and why it is very beneficial. Animal testing needs to be used to find all cures. Some ani mals such as chimps/ monkeys have 90% of the same DNA humans haveRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1721 Words   |  7 Pages † Today, more animals are being used in experiments than ever before: around 100 million in the United States alone† (3). Animal testing is now an international issue, and it is becoming a major story. Currently, animals are often used in medical testing, make-up testing, and other consumer product testing. Animals used in such product testing are often abused and suffer from serious side-effects. Animal testing can be painful for the animals, testing results are usually not even useable forRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned1364 Words   |  6 Pagesbenefit. Using animals for these experimentations usually does not come to mind. Animals are often abused, suffer, and even die during laboratory testing for the benefits of people to make sure medications, household products, newest procedures, and cosmetics are safe and effective for human use. Humans have benefited from animal testing for years while these animals suffer consequences with no positive outcomes for themselves. Even if a product or procedure is deemed successful, these animals are frequentlyRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned Essay1632 Words   |  7 Pages Animal Testing Should Be Banned Throughout the decades, animals have been used in medical research to test the safety of cosmetics including makeup, hair products, soaps, perfume, and countless of other products. Animals have also been used to test antibiotics and other medicines to eliminate any potential risks that they could cause to humans. The number of animals worldwide that are used in laboratory experiments yearly exceeds 115 million animals. Unfortunately, only a small percentage of

Banning Animals Should Not Be Tested Essay - 1307 Words

Taylor Miller Klinge English 101 3 November 2016 Putting an End to Animal Testing Utilizing animals as a part of research and to test the safety of items has been a subject of intense arguments for a considerable length of time. Individuals have distinctive affections for animals; numerous look upon animals as partners while others see animals as a methods for propelling medical research or encouraging exploratory research. However people see animals, the reality remains that animals are being misused by research offices and cosmetic organizations across the nation and all around the globe. In spite of the fact that people frequently benefit from effective animal research, the agony, the suffering, and the death of animals are not worth the hypothetical benefits for humans. Thus, animals should not be tested on for product safety or research. To begin with, animals rights are abused when they are utilized as a part of research. Animals and individuals are similar in numerous ways; they both feel, think, act on, and encounter torment. Therefore, animals should be treated with the same dignity as people. However animals rights are disregarded when they are utilized as a part of research since they are not given a decision. Animals are subjected to tests that are again and again agonizing or cause lasting harm or even death, and they are never given the alternative of not taking part in the experiment. Animals don t freely give themselves up for the progression ofShow MoreRelatedAnimals for Research and Experimentation678 Words   |  3 Pages100 million animals are used for research and experimentation on around the world every year. Apart from all the benefits of animal testing there are many good reasons which support banning the experimentations on animals such as: animal cruelty, selfishness, and danger of using the experiments result. Therefore animal experimentation should be banned. These days, animal testing has brought a lot of issues in the society. The first and foremost argument that is presented against animal testing dealsRead MoreAnimal Cruelty And Animal Abuse1572 Words   |  7 PagesIII. LITERATURE REVIEW 5 China, US and the EU 5 A. Research Connections to Animal Cruelty and Abuse 6 B. Alternatives to Animal Testing 6 IV. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 7 V. REFERENCES 8 â€Æ' I. INTRODUCTION The abuse and cruelty by humans towards animals have been on the rise as producers and retailers of cosmetics and drugs rush to position their products in the global markets. Scientific tests remain a leading player in animal abuse, especially due to the controlled environment while being experimentedRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned776 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Testing Should be Banned  ¨Over 100 million animals are burned, crippled, poisioned and abused in US labs every year ¨ ( ¨11 Facts About Animal Testing ¨). Imagine if that was someones animal getting tortured in labs just to test things such as beauty products and perfume. Animal testing was first suggested when,  ¨Charles Darwin evolutionary theory in the mid 1850s also served to suggest that animals could serve as effective models to facilitate biological understanding in humans ¨ (Murnaghan)Read MoreThe Use Of Research On Cosmetics And Its Effects On Society1604 Words   |  7 PagesBlinded by Beauty On average, 26 million animals are used every year for the use of research on cosmetics. These tests should be banned for many obvious reasons such as it is clearly cruel and inhumane, they cost more than alternative methods, and they do not predict an accurate result due to the anatomical differences. Animals are being unfairly tortured and killed for research on ingredients that people are unknowingly using in their everyday lives. Here’s an important question to consider;Read MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned848 Words   |  4 Pages As a society we have failed to notice, it’s everywhere. The animal testing footprint. Aeroguard, Chapstick, Michael Kors, Palmolive and Dettol: these common household brands all have the dark footprints of animal experimentation embedded into it. Each year over 6.5 million animals are brutally tested, killed or harmed in Australia and New Zealand, for many brands across the nation. You may think that Animal Testing has nothing to do with you but the real truth is, it does. It’s unavoidable toRead MoreThe Importance Of Animal Testing857 Words   |  4 Pagescomes to animal testing. A considerable amount of people believe that examinations should be banned, others think it should be continued. According to NCBI, animals have been utilized repeatedly since 384 BC. This disagreement has been debated since before the 1920’s and is still continuing. The main opposing point of animal examinations, is the extent of the experiment used on the animal. But, if scientists did not take part in animal testing, humans safety would be in danger. Although animals shouldRead MoreEach Year, More Than 100 Million Animals Including Rats,1343 Words   |  6 PagesEach year, more than 100 million animals including rats, mice, fish, cats, hamsters, and birds are killed in U.S. laboratories. The reasons behind the killings of these innocent animals are for biology lessons, medical training, drug, food, and cosmetics testing. Animals are used to test commercial products as well as scientific developments. Using animals to test the safety of products and in research has been a topic of debate for years and it will continue for many more years if it does not comeRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned1603 Words   |  7 Pages Animal Testing Animal testing is conducted every day for scientific research. About twenty-five million animals participate in experiments annually. These tests occur in order to determine how chemicals or products can affect a human body. Although the use of the animals has advanced scientific research, there is a worldwide debate on the belief that the use of animals in experiments is immoral. The US government did not require animal testing until a drug, elixir sulfanilamide, was put into certainRead MoreEssay About Breed-Specific Legislation1166 Words   |  5 Pagesaggression and violent behavior than other dog breeds, despite extensive research showing that there is no correlation between a dog’s breed and its inclination towards aggression. All dogs have the ability to be aggressive and cause harm to another animal or human, regardless of breed. This could also be having a negative effect on the Pit bulls and Rottweilers within the city because they may not be getting enough exercis e and socialization, which is not good for their physical or mental health. ARead MoreThe Moral Issue Of Vivisection1695 Words   |  7 Pagesmakeup, and medicines have more than likely been tested on an animal in a laboratory before being available for human consumption. These animals suffer greatly and live lives of isolation and torture. They endure cruel treatment all in the name of scientific research. Many people believe that these tests are necessary to discover cures for human illnesses. This is simply not the case. There is a large amount of research that indicates that animal experiments often lacks validity and do not stand

Nomads in Rajasthan

Question: Are nomads marginalized citizens in Rajasthan, India? Answer: Introduction Nomads are a group of communities travelling from one place to other place for their livelihood and existence. Nomadic tribes are always highlighted as the source of suspicion to ssedentary people. The total number of nomad population in India is 80 million people, contributing about 7 % of Indias population. In Rajasthan, there are near about two dozen nomad communities, which mainly include Gadiya Luhar, Bhopa, Bawariya and Banjara. Most of these communities have inherited their present professional life rather than earning it. For instance, Banjaras are nomad traders of Rajasthan dealing with salt and multani mitti, whereas the tribe Gadiya Luhar of Rajasthan is engaged in repairing tools and utensils (Dyer, 2012). On the other hand, a community like Bawariya spends their life by only hunting wild animals. Probably the most interesting occupation is possessed by the Nat tribe of this particular territory as they perform acrobatics in village fair. The community of Bhopa on the oth er side is known as worshipers of Pabuji as they are believed to have sacred rites. A number of policies have been developed for these migrants wellbeing as seemingly their professional aspects have relatively less prospects. Nomadic Communities and Ctizenship Questions in Rajasthan or The Citizenship Status of Nomads Nomads are un-rooted communities, who move from one place to other, seeking their livelihood. Due to changing socio-economic face of society, nomads lifestyle has become under strain progressively. It is unfortunate that instead of Rajasthan governments initiatives for settling them down, the Banjaras did not settle down and moved away by selling their plots. The vulnerable citizenship of the Nomads of Rajasthan has been exacerbated by the Rajasthan governments failure in providing proper infrastructure and land holding facilities for protecting their individual tenure. Moreover, their lack of having convenient legal status is supposed to be the potential cause behind their inadequate accessibilities to some of the basic amenities like land, road and water. It is unfortunate to denote that similarly like other suffering tribal communities of India, nomads of Rajasthan are still being deprived by not having legal recognition as indigenous or aboriginal tribes. It is the responsibility of developing societies to establish the citizenship rights of deprived citizenry (Xavier, 2012). Lack of recognition of their rights and identities by Rajasthans officials and agencies enhanced their feeling of exclusion. It has been highlighted that their perceived lack of loyalty towards the state or nation, where they reside is the reason for undermining their request for citizenship. It is unfortunate that Rajasthan state governments ministry of social and tribal welfare could not have accomplished their nodal responsibility of advancing the educational, economic and socio-cultural growth of the nomads. Their excessive mobility has been delegitimized their right of getting citizenship by political powers. Nomads are considered as illegitimate outsiders in the nation and their cross-border movement is classified as destructive force to be controlled or restricted (Grenet, 2012). Identity Crisis: Reflected in Ration Cards, Voter Cards and Birth Certificates As a result of their excessive mobility the entire population of Indian nomads is facing identity crisis. The main reason behind the identity crisis among the nomads of Rajasthan is most of the time the state government shows reluctance to provide accurate access to several rights as the parliament possesses misconception and misjudgments about them (Bhukya, 2012). It has been identified by numerous researches that government along with the common society of Rajasthan neglects the nomads as per their pattern of living does not match with the ideal pattern of the normal inhabitants. Most unfortunately, the nomads are insulted on a national level by not having legal identities for being regarded as untouchables several times. It is to contemplate in this regard that the misjudgment of the Rajasthan government has given birth to huge identical crisis in the lives of the nomads in terms of having legal certificates like ration, voter cards or even birth certificates. It is unfortunate th at whenever they seek or apply for a voter card they have to face some basic questions such as what is the purpose for having a voter ID, when they are even not in government files. Apart from their key issue of social discrimination, arbitrary arrests, detentions, human right violations, amenities; Rajasthan nomads status can be visualized by their no ration or voter card or any other documentation to prove their identity, as a result they are not registered or qualified for any developmental programs pursued by government. To improve their status, Rajasthan government needs collective action against exclusion for accessing available resources for their welfare. Education and Poverty in Nomads A survey conducted by Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR) revealed that 75 % tribal children in 22 districts of Rajasthan lagging behind other states in terms of education. In case of tribal girls, they are not enrolling to schools, thereby lowering the education level in the population. The data found 75% drop out of boys in 4th or 5th standard (homegrown.co.in, 2016). Key reasons behind poor educational standard was lack of awareness about the need for education and the traditional pattern of sending children in their traditional work. Singh (2012) revealed that in case of official education, nomads are complete failure. However, to thrive over a dry land, nomads are performing and experiencing their traditional education. Education programs oppose nomadic tradition and culture. It has been revealed that education programs are affecting the specific goals and needs of the tribe, affecting their principles, approach of solving a problem and evaluation paradigms. Povert y is a notable reason behind poor quality education in the Indian nomads. Nomads are residing in poverty and struggle for meeting their daily basic needs including shelter, food and clothes. These are homeless population, thus, they have to reside where they travels for livelihood. The lack of proper placement is another reason for their poverty. They also do not have basic civic amenities regarding safe drinking water, electricity and water. In case of nomads in Rajasthan, lack of supply of water is a major factor affecting their livelihood. On the other hand, food includes a huge part if their meager income (Soharwardi, Ali Nasir, 2012). Nomadic women are homemakers and do not seek for jobs, which bear double burden of poverty and deprivation. Experiencing economic ad survival compulsions, they started to camp near or within village. Very Low Public and Political Profile As per the reports made by the National convention, nomads of Rajasthan possess unimpressive public and political profile due to having lack of support from the Rajasthan government. It is true as per the fact that nomads of this particular state are still running with extreme illiteracy, superstition, child marriage, migratory lifestyle, drug abuse and scarcity of civic amenities. More specifically, one nomad tribe in Rajasthan, the Bawariyas were known as criminals, due to their core job, wild animal hunting and their past history (Singh Singh, 2016). After passing the Wildlife Protection Act 1972, their key resource of livelihood became punishable by law. They have been criminalized from their birth. However, due to the nomads different pattern of lifestyle as misjudged by the Rajasthan government, the tribal communities of Rajasthan do not get their identity proof like ration or voter card. All of the above factors are indicating their low public and political profile. On the ot her side, tribal communities like Bhopa, Nat are facing crucial juncture as their ground of occupation is being limited with each passing day. Visibly, the state government of Rajasthan holds lack of policies for performance of acrobats, which is forcing these tribes to get adapted in the urban lifestyle. Government Policies for Nomads Settlements Government and non-government organizations are undertaking policy initiatives for settlement of nomads. However, legal aid, which is pivotal for marginalized communities, is not accessible to nomad population. The Muktidhara Sansthan (MDS) is helping the population by providing direct legal services, by reducing their inaccessibility like accessing bail funds, protecting them from illegal custody cases, human right violation and harassment cases by writ petition. Rajasthan government has noted that there are 602 hostels in the state for supporting senior secondary students, within which 30 hostels are exclusively for the nomadic and denotified students (Sikdar, 2012). In addition, state government provides pre-matric and post-matric scholarship for students. A special integrated scheme for house-cum-shop is being implemented, which can support the poor nomad population to purchase raw material for manufacturing equipments and agricultural needs. Dilemma Between Continuing with Nomadism and Being Educated As described earlier, there is a contradiction between education and continuing with Nomadian existing traditions. Nomads are facing significant dilemma regarding education It has been revealed that the leaders in these nomad groups admire the need for social education in both males and females, but it has been observed that a huge number of drop outs are there in the community, whereas no enrollment for girls at all. In this community, children experiencing school level education would seek employment out of their community and no longer engaged with their traditional job, animal husbandry an treat it as their only livelihood option, as this job include loneliness and do not need literacy (Mehra, Bali Arora, 2012). It has also been observed that tribal girls no longer agree to marry the boy she was engaged to, as they desire higher career. Scholarly Valuation From the above analysis, it has been identified that the nomad population in Rajasthan, India is at the edge of marginalization. More vigorous strategies needed for their settlement, while respecting their culture and source of livelihood. The study shows that each of the nomad communities holds specific qualities, which are largely being neglected by the authoritative bodies of the state. Hence, it could be underpinned that Rajasthans government requires prioritizing on mitigating the issue of illiteracy and child marriage related to most of the nomad tradition. At the same time, the government needs to promote the age-old, authentic occupational traditions related to these groups. Reference List Bhukya, B. (2012). Colonialism and its Nomads in South India. Dyer, C. (2012). Formal education and pastoralism in western India: inclusion, or adverse incorporation?. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 42(2), 259-281. Gandhi, M. (2012). Education a means for development: india's experience with right to education of denotified communities (with special reference to andhra pradesh). Journal of Educational Review, 5(4). Grenet, F. (2012). The Nomadic Element in the Kushan Empire (1st3rd Century AD). Journal of Central Eurasian Studies, 3, 1-22. homegrown.co.in,. (2016). Meet The So-Called Criminal Bawariyas Of Rajasthan, A Tribe Thats Been Ignored For Too Long. Homegrown. Retrieved 18 November 2016, from https://homegrown.co.in/meet-the-so-called-criminal-bawariyas-of-rajasthan-whose-story-isnt-heard-enough/ Mehra, A., Bali, U., Arora, N. (2012). Quality of Primary Education in India: An Inter-state Perspective. Journal of Social Science Research, 2(1), 91-101. Sikdar, M. (2012). Socioeconomic covariates and their impact on the opportunity for natural selection in a riparian tribe of Northeast India. Anthropologischer Anzeiger, 69(3), 273-287. Singh, N. K. (2012). Management in Ancient India. In Eastern and Cross Cultural Management (pp. 13-18). Springer India. Singh, S., Singh, D. (2016). Envirnmental migration of cattle: an inevitable way of survival for some of nomadic communities of western rajasthan-a study with special reference to haryana. Global Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 5(2). Soharwardi, M. A., Ali, K., Nasir, J. A. (2012). Econometric analysis of income of nomads in irrigated areas of cholistan desert. International Journal of Physical and Social Sciences, 2(1), 159-176. Xavier, M. S. (2012). Impact of Acculturation on Traditional Material Culure: A Study of Lambada Tribes in Andhra Pradesh, India. International Journal of Social Science Tomorrow, 1(6), 1-8.

Organizational Structure Achieve Marketing Objectives Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Structure Achieve Marketing Objectives. Answer: Introduction The relationship between the management department in an organization is defined by the management approaches and systems that are developed by the organizational management. The term management is defined as the process coordinating, controlling, planning and organizing the organization activities to ensure that the organization is moving towards achieving it set goals and objectives. The decisional making process in an organization is explained to be relevant when the top management of an entity critically coordinate, plan, control and organize the organizational primary activities. Therefore, the organizational management has a critical role to play while ensuring that they meet all stakeholders interest before reaching out to them based on decisions and judgment they make. The study will analyze the management context of Wesfarmers with regard to the business activities and operations. Wesfarmers Limited is an international company with its main headquarters in Perth, Australia, this company is mainly operating in Australia and New Zealand markets. The company deals with the production of chemicals, coal mining, safety products and fertilizers. In 2016, Wesfarmers Limited is noted be ranked at the first position as per the revenue earning, during the year the company was in the top with a revenue of AU$65.98 billion followed by Woolworths and BHB Billiton companies consecutively(Datamonitor (Firm), 2000). Wesfarmers Limited is categorized as the largest employer in the Australia, in 2016 the company total employees were over 205, 000. The mission of the company is To provide satisfactory returns to the shareholders through financial discipline and exceptional management of a diversified portfolio of businesses. The organization missions and visions are achieved by the strong management capability to be accountable in promoting strategic development and strategic execution. Wesfarmers Limited aims to meet the market demands by providing goods and services which are based on professionals as well as the competitive foundation(Biddle, 2016). Wesfarmers is trying to maintain a sustainable business relationship with its stakeholders, they also intend to provide and ensure that employees are working in a good workplace where they can operate with limited limiting factors(Bryman Bell, 2015). The organization management is also focusing on implementing on the motivational strategic approach, the company intends to award employees for their good and outstanding performance, employees are also encouraged to take advantage of the organization program of introducing them to the business opportunities, this is also one way of motivating them. By motivating employees, their performance will improve and they will aid in the increment in the overall performance of the organization where productivity will also increase(Champoux, 2016). The corporate governance of Wesfarmers Limited is containing the system rules, practices as well as the process which are used to direct and controlled the organization. According to Wesfarmers Limited 2016 annual report, the company is proud of the systemic approach to governance, which has contributed to coherent relationship between stakeholders and shareholder of the company(Wagner III Hollenbeck, 2014). The company top management is the primary advocates of corporate governance, they are committed to providing satisfactory returns to the company shareholder as they perform to promote the corporate governance of the company to the level of interest of shareholders(Fan, Wong, Zhang, 2013). Wesfarmers Limited have complied with the rules and regulation policies instigated by ASX Corporate Governance Council's Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations. Wesfarmers Limited is dedicated to certifying that the competition between the board of directors is constituted as part of company strategic approach to accomplishment of goals and objectives. This implies that the company is encouraging that individual who have enough knowledge, skills, expertise, experience and diversity while making the decision relating to the company business activities(Goetsch Davis, 2014). However, the company is committed to ensuring that all business activities carried out in every section are complying with the laws and regulations of any country it operates. They also focus in ensure that promote ethical business activities by acting as an example in the market, they operate under the impact of their corporate values of governance that comprise honesty, integrity, fairness, and respec(Ferrell Fraedrich, 2015). Knowledge management and E-commerce Knowledge management and e-commerce are the critical management approach which is important to any business organization. The purpose of focusing on knowledge management and e-commerce implementation is to ensure that the business enterprise is at the top level of competitive markets. Knowledge management is the defined as the systemic management of an enterprise knowledge assets with the aim of creating values as well as meeting the tactical and strategic management approach(Jeston Nelis, 2014). It comprises the essentials of initiatives, process, systems and the strategies that are used to ascertain the storage, sharing, enhancement and creation of relevant knowledge to the organization. E-commerce on the other hand in defined as the process of buying and selling of goods and services, transmitting the fund and data electronic network. E-commerce implies that the business transactions can occur as either business to customer, consumer to business or business-to-business(Cameron, S ayers, Sacks, Thornt, 2015). According to Caitlin and Fitzsimmons Wesfarmers Limited advocated its stakeholders, especially its operating units to implement the digital organization operations. This proposal was done by the top organization management was also proposed in the year 2003 but it lacks implementation process due to lack of enough digital and e-commerce knowledge. The research indicates that Wesfarmers Limited could increase its profits and revenues by $ 1 billion during 2014 financial report. Currently, the company has focus to meet the demand of the competitive market by ensuring that they implement involve their retail activities with the e-commerce services(Fitzsimmons, 2013). With the systemic knowledge management, the company says that most of it business activities and units are already having digital platforms, for instance, Coles is now trailing on the Mobile Wallet which is a digital payment system, this system allow customers to pay for their groceries using their mobile phones rather than using their cards or cash(Pfaff, 2016). One of the advantages of digital and e-commerce strategies is that they enhance better data analysis, this acts as the critical element while making decisions relating to the company operations. It also reduces the cost of operation in different section of Wesfarmers Limited(Small, Bailey, Lydon, Davern, 2013). Wesfarmers Limited is operating in a diverse market, according to Lin 2013; the environmental factors could directly affect the activities of a business organization. PESTEL analysis tool I used to elaborate on the different macro environment that the company operates. The PESTEL analysis tool analyzes six critical factors that affect the operations of a company, these factors includes political, economic, social, technological environmental and legal factors(Rothaermel, 2015). The Australian Federal government has established the essential frameworks that regulate the mining process. The exploitation of natural resources are controlled by the laws that are instigated by the federal government of Australia, this limits the company from extensive exploitation of the coals minerals(Limited, Wesfarmers Premier Coal, 2015). The economic factor comprises aspect that affects the organization financial overview, for instance, the global economic recession. Due to the global economic recession the Wesfarmers supermarket and mining activities were affected, where unemployment was a big deal to the company management. Employees turn over lead to decrease of company revenues(Lee, , Kozlenkova, Palmatier, 2015). It is a normal culture for a family in Australia to spend a lot of money in the supermarkets. Coles supermarkets are positively reaping from the families who spend more money in the supermarkets. Wesfarmers Limited sales product and services that are socially acceptable to the consumers. They sell their products and services by considering the social factor of consumers in the market(Champoux, 2016). Australia is one of the world best mining countries, the country is the best in mining resources using new technological innovations. The mining companies in the country use the most advanced technology, products, equipment and services to promote creativity and ensure that they minimize the waste of minerals and protects the environment. Wesfarmers Limited have diversified activities of mining coal, energy, chemical and fertilizers and industrial to use new and advance technology. The environmental factors are considered to be changed in weather and climate. The research indicates that major climatic changes happen due to the effects of the global warming. According to the environment protection act of 1974, any organization should ensure that they make decision that complies with the environmental rules and regulations. Stakeholders such as government relevant department are also encouraged to work with the Wesfarmers Limited while protecting the environment. The research indicates that the environment protection act of 1974 is necessarily advocated to regulate the business coal mining, it is also enacted to promote the uniform safety of the employees in an organization(Chang, Yeh, Liu, 2015). The Australia legal system and process are considered to be sound and relevant to regulate the operation of business organizations. The legal frameworks include labor law, environmental law, natural resources law and various business laws. These laws and legal system provide Wesfarmers Limited criteria to operate in the market(Chang, Yeh, Liu, 2015). Conclusion Wesfarmers Limited is a company that operates many business activities that ranges from industrial, fertilizer, chemical, retail services and supermarket. The company management context is elaborated by analyzing the critical management aspects which are relevant to the organization. Knowledge management and E-commerce are the issues that reflects the extend and degree which the top management have installed while managing the organization. On the other hand, PESTEL strategic management tool is presented to display the environment at which the company operates. References Biddle, I. (2016). The Wesfarmers/Woolworths duopoly war: The Bunnings vs. Masters battle. Busidate,. Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2015). Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Cameron, A. J., Sayers, S. J., Sacks, G., Thornt. (2015). Do the foods advertised in Australian supermarket catalogues reflect national dietary guidelines?. Health promotion international, dav089. Champoux, J. E. (2016). Organizational behavior: Integrating individuals, groups, and organizations. . Routledge. Chang, D. S., Yeh, L. T., Liu, W. (2015). Incorporating the carbon footprint to measure industry context and energy consumption effect on environmental performance of business operations. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, (Vol. 17). Datamonitor (Firm). (2000). Wesfarmers Limited. New York, NY:: Datamonitor. Fan, J. P., Wong, T. J., Zhang, T. (2013). Institutions and organizational structure: The case of state-owned corporate pyramids. Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 29(6), 1217-1252. Ferrell, O. C., Fraedrich, J. (2015). Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education. Fitzsimmons, C. (2013, April 26). FIANANCIAL OVERVIEW. Retrieved from Wesfarmers gets serious about digital targets: https://www.afr.com/technology/wesfarmers-gets-serious-about-digital-targets-20130426-jyj4o Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014). Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River: NJ: pearson. Jeston, J., Nelis, J. (2014). Business process management. . Routledge. Lee, , J. Y., Kozlenkova, L. V., Palmatier, R. W. (2015). Structural marketing: using organizational structure to achieve marketing objectives. 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